Apparatus for mixing and processing



Aug. 31, 1954 Filed July 30, 1951 T. JENSEN APPARATUS FOR MIXING AND PROCESSING a mniiiiiii 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 ln I lNVENTOR T/l g i 'mod #17 9622,

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Aug. 31, 1 954 T. JENSEN 2,587,877

- APPARATUS FOR MIXING AND PROCESSING 7 Filed July so, 1951 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 T i=1. El. g

XNVENTOR Thormod J ensen MJ JQU/ ATT r YS Aug. 31, 1954 T. JENSEN APPARATUS FJOR MIXING AND PROCESSING Filed July 50, 1951 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 n OS T w f. vJ Am N 7 T l a A 0 mv M1 Aug; 31, 1954 T. JENSEN 2,637,877

APPARATUS FOR MIXING AND PROCESSING Filed July 30, 1951 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR 1 harm/0d Jensen BY I / ATTORN T. J ENSEN APPARATUS, FOR MIXING AND PROCESSING Aug; 31, 1954 I 5 Sheets-Sheet I Filed July so, 1951 "Thormod' Jlwen Patented Aug. 31, 1954 APPARATUS FOR MDCING AND PROCESSING Thormod Jensen, Laurelton, N. Y., assignor, by mesne assignments, to E. T. Oakes Corporation, Islip, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application July 30, 1951, Serial No. 239,294

Claims.

This invention relates to an improved mixing machine having the purpose of further mixing and refining a pre-mixed and pre-blended material or medium in order to produce a final mix of extremely excellent and desirable texture.

The invention, and the illustrative apparatus, involve improvements calculated to achieve the desired results, and involve particularly: an improved mixing head; the feeding of an untreated product, such as a pre-blended mix, to the head under controlled pressure; the admission of other constituents such as air or gas to the pre-blended mixture or other product prior to or after entrance into the mixing head; mixing the product, for example, to foam it, and to produce a homogeneous product of very excellent and uniform high quality and having the desired cellular structure. By reason of the control of many factors such as, the temperature, the feed pressure, the rates of admission of the product and the gas, and the speed of mixing, a product having a very desirable microscopic cellular structure is obtainable, of a quality that has not heretofore been obtainable in production quantities.

The machine is adaptable to various types of slurries and mixes such as cake batters, toppings, spreads, primary bread ingredients, etc., and so on, and additionally the invention is adaptable to chemical processing, such as, mixing paints, and in latex work involving the formation of foam rubber for pillows, etc. In latex Work the machine injects the zinc and gel at the proper places in the stream, and foams the pre-blended liquid latex to a degree never previously obtained. The process and apparatus involve additional features of novelty as outlined in part in the ensuing objects. In accordance with the foregoing, the primary object of the invention is to provide an improved mixing device and process wherein the pre-blended mix is supplied under pressure to a mixing head with gas being admitted under controlled conditions to the mix as it is fed to the mixing head. A further object is to provide for combined mixing and blending of products of the above character. Another object of the invention is to provide an improved mixing machine of the type having a rotor and stator having mutual interleaving rib members wherein the rotor is removably mounted on its shaft and retained by means of removable sleeve members on opposite sides of the rotor. Another object of the invention is to provide an improved mixing machine of the type as set forth in the foregoing which is readily cleanable, and yet wherein the shaft is journallcd in an end bearing and there is provided a seal for the shaft, including a ring member having a part forming a cap for the bearing in which the bearing is floatingly mounted. A still further object is to provide for the above with apparatus which is sturdy in construction, eflicient in use, and is adaptable to meet the particular problems encountered in the many fields where it has application.

Another object is to provide a machine wherein it is possible if desired to permit or prevent mixing air into the material being treated, this of course being impossible in the prior styles and types of vertical and horizontal mixing machines.

Further objects and numerous of the advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description and annexed drawings wherein:

Figure 1 is a general perspective view of the complete machine;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the flow of pre-blended material to the mixing head and the supply of gas to the material being fed to the mixing head;

Figure 3 is a front elevation of the machine partly broken away to illustrate the interior mechanism;

Figure 4 is a side elevation of the machine showing the inner mechanism;

Figure 5 is a sectional view of a preferred form of mixing head utilized in the invention;

Figure 6 is a sectional view of a modified form of mixing head utilized in the invention;

Figure 7 is a partial plan View of the rotor of either Figure 5 or Figure 6.

Figure 8 is a detail sectional view of a part of the rotor of Figure 5 or Figure 6 showing the rib formation.

Referring now to Figure 1 of the drawings, numeral It indicates generally the case or housing of the machine which is mounted on casters as shown at l2 so that it can be freely moved about. On the front of the housing are hand wheels 14 and I6, the purpose of which, as will be described, is to adjust the speed of mixing and. the pressure of the pre-blended mix being fed to the mixing head. Start and stop switches l8 and 20 are also on the front panel of the 7 housing It] for controlling the operation of the 3 The material is supplied from a pre-mixing tank 25 to the pump 30 and then to a line 26 to which there is connected an air or gas metering device 28 which is of a known type and need not be described in detail. The metering device 28 has a manual adjustment 3| and associated with it is a pressure gauge 32 to indicate the pressure of the gashbeing supplied to the mix through a valve 33.: The mixproceeds through apipe 1 34 to the mixing head and the temperature at the mixing head is indicated by a thermometer 36 (Figure 2). head is indicated at 38 and is connected to a depositor 39 (the details of which are not. shown);,

the final temperature being indicatedby :ther-u A discharge line. from the mixing.

mometer 40 and the fluid pressure in-the'discharge line is indicated by a pressuregaugeAZF.

A pair of tachometers 54 and 56 indicate the respective speeds of the fluid pump and thearotor I of head 2 4.

Referring now-to-Figure 3 of the-drawings,-

the-housing {0 has.-upri ght frame. members 44 and transverse frame member 45 as well-astransverse members 48,- 50 and 52. I .As previously de,- scribed-themixing head 24 is mounted above the; top of the housing and supported upon the verticalshaft 58 is therotorof the mixing heads Beneath the main head the shaft passes through a guide member 68 mounted on an angle bracket 6| on transverse member 48 and the shaft i also journalled in a bearing mounted in pillow block 62 mounted on the transverse member-52. Shaft 58 is coupled at its lower end; through a coupling 64 to a speed reduction mechanism 66 which is driven by an electric motor 68.

The arrangementsof .the. drives for the mixing head 24-and pump 30 are shown :in greater detail in Figure 4.. The gear reduction unit 66 .by which thesha-ft lifi is driven is mounted. on a base lit and it has a pulley I2 on a shaft, 74,. the pulleybeingdriven through-a belt It (see Figure 3) frompulley 18 mounted --on;the shaft 8B-.of the electric motor 68... Both-of the-pulleys I2 and T8 are V-pulleys and pulley 1 8 is of the split type, that yis .in two parts which are, spring-urged together and are adapted to spread apart when the distance between the pulleys is increased, whereby the speed rations adjusted by means of moving the motor--and-.the driven. element of the stem 98 moves the-framellt and the motor,

82 towardsand away from the gear train 65, whereby .theparts of pulleylliv are lesser .or fur:

ther spread. apart and .thespeed at which the shaft 58 is driven-is adjusted:as described above.

On the right-hand (:FigureB) end of the shaft 98 is a sprocket .wheel .106 .whichis aligned with another sprocketiwheel HIS-.on .the journalled shaft of the hand wheel I4 which is mounted in one of the transverse members 50.- Passing. over the sprocket Wheels-IUBand- I08 is a chain II2 whereby-the adjustment rotation of hand wheel I4 is transmitted to shaft.98 for purposes of ad-.

4 justing the speed at which the shaft 58 is driven, and the speed is observed in the tachometer 54.

A motor I I6 drives the pump 38 the motor having a mounting II! of the same type as is provided for motor 82, and therefore this mounting will not be again described in detail. Accordingly mounting II! has a screw threaded stem H4 :for adjusting the position: ofthe mounting ofxthe motor; and .on thecend of this stem is a sprocket wheel I20 aligned with a sprocket wheel I22mounted on the end of the shaft of the hand wheel .I6, .this vshaftbeing journalled on the transverse member 50. Passing over the sprocket wheels I20 and-.I;22:isa chain I24 whereby the mountingnof motord I6 can be adjusted by turning-thehand wheel #6;-

Theshaftof motor H6 has a pulley I26 thereon which drives pulley I28 mounted on the shaft I38; the .drive being by way of a belt I32. The pulley I26 is of the split type spring-urged together as previously described whereby. thespeed' at which the motor. drives .the drivenpulley. can

be adjusted by adjusting.thedistance..between,

the pulleys. Theshaft. I30. of pulley I28. con.-. nects to and drives a gear...reduction..unit134.; whichin turn is connected.by.shaft..I36..to drive.

the pump 36 which pumps theme-blended mix... to the mixingheam. The pump 30.is of the type disclosed. in my. copending application. Serial ,No..

202,493.filed December-.23; 1950.v and will .not .be. described in detail here. a flexible tube within .which thefluidis confined.

compress it against an anvil. .Thus, the pump.

delivered the .fiuid. at.a constant. rate and, the,

rate .of deliveryis accurately. controlled by. reg.-. ulat'ingthe speed of thepump rotor.

However, the pump. has

Referring .now. to Figure. 5 of the,.drawings.,.

which showsthe.mixingheadof Figures 1 to 4, mounted onthe drive shaft 581s the circular head.

rotor I53 .having .a hubuigidly clamped to shaft.

58 between a top sleeve I4! and a bottom sleeve I45 which. rests. .upona spring ringorretainer. I43 carried by theshaft in an annular slot. The

hub has an annular groove I54 of somewhat...

V-shaped Cl'OSSr-SECtiOIl as shown, which presents 1 a ledge surfacefor engagement tolift the rotor..

thus to .lift .the. rotor .away .from the bottom stator section; Therotor hasa disk-like base.

portion. I5I .which..ha's,top and bottom annular faces andprojecting from each. of these faces is a set. of fourteen,concentricrows of somewhat 152.". These teeth are arcuate, teeth or ribs formed by first milling. each faceof the rotor to form concentric annular grooves of T33 inch width and thereby. leavingannular walls. of it;

inchthickness. The annular walls are then cut with aoneehalf inch diameter end mills inaccord-r ance with the pattern shown in Figures '2 and 8 whichis as follows: Startingat a predetermined radial line of reference, tenradialslots 200a're cut in fromtheiouter. periphery, of the rotor each through, theouter ten annular wallsand these cutsv areequallyspaced so thatthe center lines are 36? apart.

these cuts 2 02 are therefore 12". apart;

There are then twenty additional cuts.2ll2 made from the outer, periphery with two: cuts equally. spacedbetween .each. of the'cuts 2007" Cuts 202" are through. the outer four walls so that .the rotor. now hascuts from itsgouter. peripherywith every third out .being longer thanthe intermedi ate two. Ne'xt, a similar, pattern is cut from the innerperiphery withpfive cuts1'2642through the inner =ten wallsispaced from thefloriginal radial just described, the rotor has 300 teeth on each face. There are respectively, two stator sections I56 and I58, each of which has a set'of teeth I60 and I62, interleaving with the respective sets ofrotor teeth. Teeth I60 and I62 are formed in the same manner and in accordance with the same cutting pattern as is used in forming the rotor teeth. However, each stator section has only thirteen concentric walls formed upon it so that the inner row of teeth is not producedand there are only thirteen rows of teeth making a total of 285 teeth on each stator section. With the rotor assembled into the stators there is a radial gap of inch between adjacent teeth and in each row of teeth there is an arcuate gap of one-half inch between teeth. Thus when the rotor is turned the product flows outwardly and passes between the teeth of the successive rows, which form a somewhat labyrinth path for the product, and as it emerges from one row of teeth it is encountered and cut by the teeth of the next row. This insures a very thorough and dependable action, and the product passes through the treating zone in minimum time and with minimum heating.

The stator sections or members are held together by five bolts I64 having nuts I63. These bolts also extend through a bottom plate I65 which is spaced from stator I58 by spacers or collars I61. Welded respectively to the two sections are upwardly and downwardly extending necks I44 and I46. These necks I44 and I46 form annular chambers I66 and I68 around the shaft 58 above and below the rotor I 46, and these annular chambers form annular inlet and outlet chambers for material bein treated. lllustratively, the lower chamber I68 is the inlet chamber and receives the product through a radial conduit I and directs an annular stream of the'product in an axial direction upwardly along the shaft to the treatment zone formed in the rotor chamber. Similarly, an outlet conduit I12 connects to the annular chamber I66, and the outgoin product flows in an annular stream along the shaft from the treatment zone and radially outwardly through conduit I12.

The part of sleeve I41 directly above the rotor I48 has formed thereon a double worm formed by two helical ridges Or worms I14 which are within chamber I68 and extend slightly above the outlet conduit I12. During operation these ridges blend the outgoing stream of the product; for some operations the ridges are omitted, or they may be formed on theouter surface of shaft 58. The upper end of shaft 58 is sealed by a gland I18, which is formed in the threaded upper part of the neck I44. This portion of the neck is spaced from the periphery of the sleeve I41 and in this annular space are chevron packing rings I49, which rest upon a ledge I51 on the neck. These rings are compressed by a ring member or sleeve I48 havingv an outwardly extending flange or shoulder I50 which is engaged by an inwardly extending flange or shoulder on a screw threaded ring nut I52 which is tightened onto the threaded neck I44 to urge the sleeve I48 downwardly to compress the packing rings against theledge I51.

The sleeve I48 has an upstanding cylindrical cap portion I54 forming a closure around the end'of theshaft 58. The end I56 of the shaft is of smaller diameter and is threaded, and it is encircled by a bearing I58 the inner race I59 of which is clamped to the shaft by a clamping nut I60 having a washer I6I. The bearing I58 has its outer race I60 freely mounted within the cap portion I54 so that the cap portion may slide freely upwardly when nut I60 is removed. However, the end of the shaft is firmly supported through the bearing by the upper portion of the stator. This arrangement at the end of the shaft permits a ready disassembly of the apparatus for cleaning. There are provided in the side walls of the ring member I48 four radially extending pressure relief openings I64 which prevent the building up of pressure which might other-' wise result from the escape of some of the productthrough the seal formed by the chevron packing rings I49. Thus, any escaping product drains out and does not reach the bearing I 58. Shaft 58 is also provided beneath the rotor with a bot tom shaft seal I13 formed by chevron rings held by a clampin collar I15 which is held in place by a ring nut- I16 threaded on to the neck I46.

As indicated above, the lower end of the sleeve I45 engages a spring ring I43 which fits in an annular groove in the shaft 58 and serves to hold the sleeve in place. The sleeve has a beveled upper surface which mates with a surface on the rotor, and'the top of the rotor is engaged by the fiat bottom surface of sleeve I41 which has at its top a flange washer I11 clamped beneath bearing race I59. Thus, nut I60 clamps the rotor tightly in place and the entire apparatus can be readily disassembled for cleaning by removing the top nuts I63 and the upper stator section, and then unscrewin the clamping nut I60 and removing the bearing I 58 and sleeve I41. As indicated above, the rotor is lifted by engaging it at its hub in groove I54, and then the lower stator section may also be lifted. The lifting of the stator-section is facilitated by loosening the ring nuts I52 and I16. The stator is supported by a circular member I18 spaced from the shaft 58 and forming part of the frame of the apparatus. Also, bracket 60 is mounted on the frame and surrounds the shaft freely so as to lend guiding support to the shaft when the stator is removed.

From the foregoing, certain aspects of the operation of the apparatus will be readily understood by those skilled in the art. As shown schematically in Figure 2, the pre-blended mix or product is fed from the supply tank to the pump 38 which pumps the product at a controlled rate through the supply conduit 34 to the inlet conduit I10 to the mixing head. The pressure at which the material is fed to the mixing head is controlled to give the desired rate of flow through the machine, and air or another gas is admitted to the material under pressure by the metering valve 28 as described to achieve the desired degree of foaming of the material whereby a very desirable microscopic cellular structure is achieved. The material is fed radially to the annular inlet chamber I68 around the shaft 58 whereby there is uniform distribution to the annular outward flow path .formed to the interacting mixing ribs on the rotor I53 and the stator sections I56 and I58. The rotor and stator sections achieve a mixing and kneading ot the .productstozbrealc [up particles thereof and to produce the desired texture, and anytime..- tenet which. :has: been added to the prhductz. is also broken upland dispersedmand is evenly. dis.- tributedi throughout: the. .stream of. the iprcduct. Thermaineffect of the rotornand'. stator is a, breaking down or large partielesztosmaller-partides, :and. it hasibeen foundthat thiszparticular arrangements. will .produce; :particles: i of microscopicl structure snchlasi tone. and :one-ehalf ;mi-i OIODFFHL diameter .as compared-ltd. considerably larged panticlexosizesitthati ittrhasi- .beenpossible to=;produce the 'past. .izAfter passing through. the labyrinth patlr:iormed ;-by;the rotors and stators, the materialrpasses; torthe space around thespirali ridges? b14= whichexerts a blendingr and kneading actiormomthezproduct whichahas an additional'iettect in producing: theidesired echaracteristicsasz to. texture and cellular. structure. The; materiali then passes out throughxtheioutletz conduit t! 2..

- 1 lnqthei foregoing: I operation; as previously idescribed .the zraterat which the product :is: .admitt'ed and the'speed -of.-the 'yrotor I531 are accurately adjusted bymeansnof the hand. wheels l4 and :IG, .andrtherate ofx'admission of: airuor other gas throughmthe metering valve-.canbe adjusted. Thus, a final material is produced which is. refined; and finished :to: an extremely desirableehomogeneous texture before it is 1 de-' livered; to. the depositor for panning.

' .It: has beenindicated above that it is-desirable attimes to providevfor the control-of the temperature ofthe productv being treated. Forexample,in,- the K embodiment of Figures; 1 to 6if cake,;.' articu1ar1y is; being-processed, it isdesirable-to provide cooling during the--latter--.portion of the processing. Accordingly, fixed torthe top: surface of the upper stator-section 56- there is a: spiral copper. tube wt which has a water in let openingifid ,atthecenter and a Water outlet connection 1.82 at the outer-edge, and the tube is.- enclosed by a sheet metal cover Y 533. During operation; cold: water isflowed.- throngh. this tube atsuch arateas to maintain the desiredtemperature. for. the product. Under-some circumstances a similar heat exchange unit may be provided on the bottom surface ot the lower stator. section .158. Such: is desirable. when-the product being .processedrequi-res accurate tem-,

perature cQntrOLand-by-passing a heatexchange' fluid through. the tubesrto .cool or beat theuproduct such control may be had.

In the illustrative embodiment. the: p-roductis passed: to. the. machine rotor through i the: lower: inlet conduit l i 0. and. is. withdrawn through i the upper:- conduit 1.12.. For certaimmaterials: itais advantageous .to provide ZrI-GVBI'SB. flow in:'- which casethe spirairidges Mt will-tendtto miic the incoming product. However, as; has'been-pointed,

out above, .these ridges: may be omittedor-they' maybe. provided onv the bottom sleeve! 45. -Whenlatex is. beingprocessed; therezinc-and' gel a-re added..by..needles positioned respectively @1110). near. the. inner. and outer peripheries of the-rotor along. theside where the how is radially out-' wardly.

-Referring- -to. Figure il-of theadrawings, another form-.011 mixing head is shownzwhiclm-zis to that of? Figures 1 itO. correspondingcpartsf being, similariy numbered: In'this' fornr of'theinvention; however, the upper sleeveor ring momber [B8 of thepacking' gland forms abearing for the-upper endof the shaftES, there-not being provided aballbearing as in the previous-em bodiment. 1 i In: this embodimentthei no spiral mixing tridgesc areuutilizedl but instead; there; is simply a: smooth =sleeve. =|-90 which encircles; the shaft 58 rand which is retained against thexhub 0f:.then10t0rr 153 by a cap l92 clamped in position by awcap screw 19 which isutighteneditoclamp the. rotor to the: shaft.

:iFrom the foregoingthose skilled in thevart wilti-observerthat I haveprovid'ed. a very-effective machinerand process: whereby: various mixes suclriastbatters etc*., ..canbe .mixed,. kneaded, bl'endedsanctiurtherzrefined to an extremely desirablgatexture and composition superior .totany mixes.:that -.have :previously: .been. known in. the past. flihez-refinedmixescan: be made .to yield argreatercizolumez penxpound .thanhas been .possibIGIiIPEhEBBtQfOIeZkIl-QWDJ refining methods and apparatus,.: and this: is articularly true; in; connection witlrcakesbatters when the cake goesuintc the ovens,immediately following refining. The apparatus; is superior in: that therfeeding: is unif0III11y:.0il.Cl1-].&Il atztheuhubrof the machine and the spiral ridgesiin. thepreferred embodimentexerts-tan additional blending action. which. con.- tributesto.theperfectionofathe final mix. The arrangementpofthe partsis such' as' to permit a .-ready .disassembly .iorucleaning which .isiidesirablemandeven may berequired by: law after thesproeessing of every batch: or period'of use.

the illustrativeembodiment, the pump discussed .inarny co-pending, application Ser.. No. 202,493, filed December 23, 1950,. has beenxused and this is admirably suited for use incarrying out the present invention with certain types Tof materials and products.- However, when the product has. considerable-viscosity or is for other reasons. .unsuitable forready .passage through. the pump heretshown', the product: may be pumped to. the mixing-head with another type of apparatus. It;should. benoted that the rotor shaft. is reliablysupported with one bearing adjacent its lowerend amtwith another bearing mounted in thestop ofrthestator and therefore above the rotor and-adjacent. thereto. In both of the illustrative embodiments there" may be additional bearing support providedat'the packing glands, although. it should. be understood that thefirm support oflthe. upper end of the driving shaft is important .in. accomplishingrcertain aspects of the. invention. -..In the: embodiment of Figures 1 to. 6;.the arrangement cit-the 'upper -bearingz-and' thearrangementfor attaching the-rotor to=the shaftcooperates inpmviding .an extremely practidal and superior construction. The-particular arrangementlof the. rotor and stator-teeth .is

tionywith the result that. the'rate'of. flow is substantiallyconstant throughout lthe treatment zone and'theentire unit works at maximum efiiciency.

*"Iheforegoing is'illustrative. of preferred embodiments ofmy' inventionand it is to be understoodthat'various alternatives and modifications may be adopted by those skilled in.the art and itis intended that such alternatives andmodifications" be encompassedwithin'the scope of the claims appended hereto.

I claim:

1. In a continuous mixing device of the type described having a rotor member mounted upon a rotor shaft and stator means, the rotor and stator means having spaced annular elements which interleave with each other to form a labyrinth path of flow, the combination therewith of means comprising an extending neck on said stator means forming an annular chamber around the shaft communicating with the said path of flow upstream from said rotor, means for feeding medium to be mixed to the annular chamber, said shaft having screw type mixing means formed thereon downstream from said rotor, and means forming a chamber around said screw type mixing means in the path of flow whereby a blending action is exerted on the medium being treated.

2. In a continuous mixing machine of the character described, in combination, a rotatable shaft having a driving end and a supported end, a housing including a stator having said shaft extending therein, a rotor fixed to said shaft within said housing, a shaft seal having a collar, said collar having an extending collar portion, a bearing removably mounted on the collar portion on the opposite side of said seal from said rotor and supporting said supported end of said shaft.

3. Apparatus as described in claim 2 wherein said bearing has an inner race clamped to the end of said shaft and an outer race secured to said collar portion, and means clamped by said inner race of said bearing and holding said rotor to said shaft.

4. In a continuous mixing device of the character described, in combination, means comprising a rotor and at least one stator having interleaving circularly arranged members forming a labyrinth path of flow, a shaft for said rotor, one stator having a hub including an extending neck portion spaced from said shaft and forming an annular space therewith, means forming a seal between the outer end of said shaft and said neck portion, and screw type mixing means on and rotatable with said shaft and located in said annular space between said rotor and said seal for exerting a blending action action on material being processed.

5. The apparatus set forth in claim 2 comprising means between said seal and said bearing for venting any material escaping past said seal before it can enter said bearing.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,133,968 Jackson Mar. 30, 1915 1,466,639 Browne Aug. 28, 1923 1,529,874 Culbertson Mar. 17, 1925 1,585,169 Perkins *et a1 May 18, 1926 1,670,593 Miller May 22, 1928 1,941,808 McConnaughay Jan. 2, 1934 2,077,228 De Bethune Apr. 12, 1937 2,132,364 Thompson Oct. 4, 1938 2,169,338 Ditto Aug. 15, 1939 2,211,387 Routh Aug. 13, 1940 2,248,938 Bennett July 15, 1941 2,292,634 Hansen Aug. 11, 1942 2,477,204 Ravine July 26, 1949 2,478,893 Brant Aug. 16, 1949 

